Small House Cooking 蝸煮

西洋菜生產期為每年1月至4月及9月至12月，是冬天、春天常食之蔬菜。菜式可以炒食、火煱、淥菜、浸菜、生吃、涼拌、餡料、配料、滾湯、煲湯等。西洋菜常會有水蛭，最新發現有蛞蝓，必須先用清水加鹽浸30分鐘，煮熟後才進食為佳。
The production period is from January to April and September to December each year. It is a common vegetable in winter and spring. Dishes can be stir-fried, fired, dipped vegetables, dipped vegetables, raw, cold dressing, fillings, ingredients, boiling soup, soup, etc. Watercress often has Leeches, but Slugs are newly discovered. Soak them in water and salt for 30 minutes. It is better to eat them after they are cooked.

份量 serving: 3 人 ppl
烹調時間 cooking time: 2 小時 hr

詳細做法請查閱YouTube:
Detail on YouTube: 
https://youtu.be/zChy7ZwiY4g

材料 – Ingredient:
452 g 西洋菜 Watercress
303 g 豬脊背 Pork spine bone
28 g 陳腎 Dried Duck gizzard 
1 隻 pc 臘鴨頭頸  Cured duck head with neck
15 g 龍皇南杏 Sweet Apricot Kernel
3 g 北杏 Apricot Kernel
1 角1/3 pc 陳皮 Dried Tangerine peeled
1粒 pc 金絲蜜棗 Golden Candied date
1 塊 pc 厚切薑 Thick sliced ginger
2100 ml 清水 Water

方法 - Method:
1. 加鹽在清水浸西洋菜 30 - 45 分鐘
   Add salt and soak watercress in water for 30 - 45 minutes

2. 鴨頭頸去皮, 汆水, 浸清水 (可免做)
   Peeled the Cured duck head with neck, blanch it, soaked in water (can be skin)

3. 豬脊背、陳腎汆水
   Blanch the Pork spine bone and dried duck gizzard

4. 放南杏、北杏、金絲蜜棗在 2100ml 水, 開大火
   Prepare the soup pot, pour in 2100ml water, add sweet apricot kernel, apricot kernel and golden candied date, turn on high heat.

5. 水滾, 放汆水後的豬脊背、陳腎、鴨頭頸, 轉中火
   Bring to boiling, put the blanched Pork spine bone, dried duck gizzard and Cured duck head with neck in, turn to medium heat

6. 清洗西洋菜
   Wash watercress

7. 25分鐘後放西洋菜, 轉中小火
  After 25 mins, put watercress in and turn to medium-low heat

8. 煲1小時20分鐘後, 即可享用。
   After 1 hour and 20 minutes, serve it.

完成
Finish

西洋菜Watercress
學名：Nasturtium microphyllum，別名 : 豆瓣菜、水蔊菜、水芥菜、水田芥等，屬十字花科，是多年生水生草本植物。
原產地在歐洲、地中海東部，羅馬人用作醫療抗壞血病及脫髮的藥，伊朗人用來保健兒童的蔬菜。14世紀的英國和法國已栽培，之後傳入美洲，1750年德國大量栽培，18世紀傳入日本，後再傳到新西蘭、澳洲、南非等地方，現在栽培分佈在東南亞、台灣、以中國廣東、珠江三角洲一帶分佈範圍最廣泛，近年來上海也有栽種，上海名西洋菜為「豆瓣菜」。
Scientific name: Nasturtium microphyllum, alias: nasturtium officinale，Water mustard,  water cress, it belongs to the cruciferous family and is a perennial aquatic herb.
The place of origin is in Europe and the eastern Mediterranean. The Romans used it as a medicine for anti-scurvy and hair loss, and the Iranians used it as a vegetable for children. It was cultivated in England and France in the 14th century, and then it was introduced to the Americas. In 1750, it was cultivated in Germany in large quantities, into Japan in the 18th century, It was later spread to New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and other places. It is now cultivated and distributed in Southeast Asia, Taiwan, Guangdong, China, and the Pearl River Delta. It has also been planted in Shanghai in recent years. Shanghai's famous watercress is " nasturtium officinale ."

西洋菜雖然源於歐洲，但未受到重視，稱它為「窮人的菜」之稱，西洋菜生長快速，分「水種」和「旱生」，在農村的水中，水溝邊、山澗河邊、沼澤地或水田中都能見它們。中國和香港以水種為主，因為西洋菜的莖是中空，所以漂浮在水面。
Although watercress originated in Europe, it has not received much attention. It is called "the poor man’s dish". Watercress grows fast and is divided into "water-based" and "xerotic". They can be seen in rural waters, along ditches, mountain streams, swamps or paddy fields. China and Hong Kong are mainly water species, because the stem of watercress is hollow, so it floats on the water.

效用 :
降血壓，化痰止咳、利尿、清煩、清熱解毒、清燥潤肺、化痰止咳、燥咳、咯血、治療肺癆、鼻血、抗癌、骨骼保健、抑制血小板聚集，改善血管內皮功能障礙、利尿、助長血紅素充足、強化視力、延緩衰老、月經不調、月經前食用能防治痛經。
Utility:
Lowering blood pressure, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, diuresis, clearing troubles, clearing heat and toxins, clearing dryness and moisturizing lungs, resolve phlegm and relieve cough, dry cough, hemoptysis, treatment of tuberculosis, nosebleeds, anti-cancer, bone health, inhibit platelet aggregation, improve vascular endothelial dysfunction, diuresis, promote hemoglobin sufficient, strengthen vision, delay aging, irregular menstruation and eating before menstruation can prevent and treat dysmenorrhea.

不宜 : 
1. 脾胃虚寒，肺腎虚寒，大便溏泄者、夜尿頻密、孕婦、寒性咳嗽者、
體質虛寒者
2. 服用心血管藥物的，請詢問醫生能否食用西洋菜
3. 計劃生育者
Not suitable:
1. Deficiency of the spleen and stomach, deficiency of the lungs and kidneys, loose stools, frequent nocturia, pregnant women, cold cough, weak constitution
2. If you take cardiovascular drugs, please ask your doctor if you can consume watercress
3. Family planning

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